One Fewer Dependency of knitr

Just before the 2022 Christmas, we finally fulfilled a knitr request from 2018 by Hugh Parsonage (thanks, Hugh). That is, remove the stringr dependency in knitr. The original motivation was to make it faster to install knitr, since stringr depends on stringi, which is a relatively heavy dependency and can take quite some time to compile. This motivation is no longer that strong because it has become easier to install prebuilt binaries of stringi later (e.g., via the Posit Package Manager).

Anyway, I’m always in favor of fewer dependencies if possible, especially for infrastructure packages that are widely used. Last year when I saw Deepayan’s work in base R using knitr to run examples and demos on R help pages, I was a little concerned that knitr might be too heavy for this task.

It turned out that knitr’s dependency on stringr was not too tight. The functions were mostly straightforward to be replaced by base R functions like gsub(), substr(), gregexpr(), and regmatches(), so we have done that.

With stringr gone, it means knitr has also removed seven indirect dependencies (see the dependency graphs below). Only four hard dependencies are left. The dependency on highr could be removed, too, because it is used only for syntax highlighting in Rnw documents, but it’s quite lightweight, and I’m not sure if it’s worth bothering Rnw users and asking them to install highr explicitly (probably not).

knitr (<= v1.41)
  |> evaluate 
  |> highr 
  |> stringr 
    |> cli 
    |> glue 
    |> lifecycle 
    |> magrittr 
    |> rlang 
    |> stringi 
    |> vctrs 
  |> yaml 
  |> xfun 

knitr (> v1.41)
  |> evaluate 
  |> highr 
  |> yaml 
  |> xfun 

Now one thing left for us to figure out is whether this will affect the performance much. I feel the impact should be trivial, because the most time-consuming part in knitting is often evaluating the code chunks, rather than parsing the document. Anyway, we will do the benchmarking next, and update this post with the results accordingly. In the meantime, please feel free to try it out by yourself and let us know if you notice any performance issues:

install.packages('knitr', repos = c(
  yihui = 'https://yihui.r-universe.dev',
  CRAN = 'https://cloud.r-project.org'
))

Thanks!

Update on 2023-01-19

We (mainly @cderv) have finished benchmarking and you can read a report here. Some of our base R functions are faster than stringr equivalents, and some are slower. Overall I don’t have any concerns on the slower functions, because 1) some of them are used in processing .Rnw documents only, and 2) the absolute time of one function call is often less than one millisecond, which shouldn’t be noticeable even if it is 3 or 4 times slower.